Generators come in handy during long-term power outages. However, if you do not know how to use them properly, they can be dangerous.
From carbon monoxide risks to potential fire hazards, it’s vital to understand the safety measures that come with operating these devices. Whether you’re a novice user or need a refresher on safe handling procedures, our tips below are designed to help equip you with the knowledge to use generators safely.
Identifying the Right Generator
- Consult with a qualified vendor or electrician to help you determine the best generator for your needs.
Connecting the Generator
- Never connect a standby generator directly into your home’s electrical system. There are two safe methods to connect:
- Stationary Generator: Use an approved generator transfer switch, installed by a professional, to keep your house circuits separate from the electric company’s system.
- Portable Generator: Plug appliances directly into the outlet provided on the generator.
Extension Cords
- If you’re using extension cords to reach the generator, they should be adequately sized and rated for the appliances you’re plugging in. Never use an indoor household extension cord, as it may not be adequate.
Avoiding Overloading
- Most generators will stop running when overloaded due to the tripping of a breaker. In this case, reset the breaker and plug in fewer or smaller items.
Installing a Permanent Generator
- Must be equipped with a transfer switch to prevent back-feed into power lines which could be dangerous to linemen.
- A qualified electrician should conduct the installation.
Operating a Portable Generator
- Always operate it outdoors in an area with sufficient ventilation to avoid carbon monoxide poisoning.
- Never run the generator in a home or garage.
- Do not plug a generator into a wall outlet.
- Start the generator first before connecting appliances and use a heavy-duty extension cord for the connection.
- Turn off or disconnect all appliances and lights before starting the generator.
- Once running, turn on appliances and lights one at a time to avoid overloading.
Transfer Switch
- If a portable generator is professionally wired into your electric service panel, a double pole-double throw switch (transfer switch) is required. This switch prevents electricity from flowing from two sources simultaneously.
- Backfeeding of generator power into the electric system can injure or even kill a lineman and damage the generator or connected devices when utility power is restored.
- The transfer switch can be automatic, switching your house to generator power when you lose electricity, or manual, requiring you to physically switch to generator power.
Generator Limitations
- A typical portable generator won’t power your entire home; be selective in which appliances you’ll need and rotate them during the outage if necessary.
Fueling and Storing Generators
- Never refuel a hot generator; turn it off and let it cool down before adding more fuel.
- Store generator fuel in approved containers and keep them away from your home.
General Safety Tips
- Generators are for temporary use; prioritize your needs.
- They pose electrical risks especially when operated in wet conditions, so use only when necessary.
Operate the generator under an open, canopy-like structure on a dry surface where water cannot form puddles or drain under it. - Ensure that your hands are dry before touching the generator.
- Keep children and pets away from portable generators at all times as many components can get hot enough to cause burns during operation.
- Run the portable generator outdoors in a well-ventilated space.
- Always follow the manufacturer’s directions for operation and maintenance.
Source: SafeElectricity.org, South Central Power